Lead
aspect 82 of periodic table is Lead through atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2. Lead, price Pb, has a Face focused Cubic structure and SlateGray color. Lead is a post-transition metal element. Trivial name of lead is tetrels, crystallogens. Know everything about Lead Facts, physics Properties, chemistry Properties, electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.
Lead (/lɛd/) is a chemical facet in the carbon team with prize Pb (from Latin:plumbum) and also atomic number 82. Command is a soft, malleable and also heavy post-transition metal. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, yet it soon tarnishes come a dull grayish shade when exposed come air.
You are watching: Number of valence electrons in pb
Lead Facts
Read vital information and also facts around element Lead
| name | Lead |
| atomic Number | 82 |
| atom Symbol | Pb |
| Atomic load | 207.2 |
| step | Solid |
| shade | SlateGray |
| Classification | post-transition metal |
| team in routine Table | 14 |
| Group Name | carbon family |
| period in periodic Table | 6 |
| Block in periodic Table | p-block |
| Electronic Configuration | |
| Melting allude | 327.46 °C |
| Boiling point | 1749 °C |
| Electronic shell Structure | <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4> |
| CAS Number | CAS7439-92-1 |
ar
49
In
50
Sn
51
Sb
81
Tl
82
Pb
83
Bi
113
Nh
114
Fl
115
Mc
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
| 1 | 1 H 2 He | |||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar | |||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr | |||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe | |||||||||||||||||
| 6 | 55 Cs 56 Ba 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn | |||||||||||||||||
| 7 | 87 Fr 88 Ra 104 Rf 105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh 108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds 111 Rg 112 Cn 113 Nh 114 Fl 115 Mc 116 Lv 117 Ts 118 Og | |||||||||||||||||
| Lanthanides | 57 La 58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu | |||||||||||||||||
| Actinide | 89 Ac 90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr |
explore our interactive routine table
How to locate Lead on routine Table
Periodic table is i ordered it by atomic number, variety of protons in the nucleus i m sorry is same as variety of electrons. The atom number rises from left come right. Routine table beginning at top left ( atomic number 1) and also ends at bottom best (atomic number 118). Because of this you can straight look because that atomic number 82 to uncover Lead on routine table.
Another method to read routine table and also locate an facet is through using team number (column) and period number (row). To locate Lead on periodic table look for cross ar of team 14 and period 6 in the contemporary periodic table.
explore Interactive regular Table come Understand and also Learn Cool fads
Table of Contents
History
Abundance
Physical Properties
Thermal Properties
Crystal Structure
Atomic & orbital Properties
Chemical Properties
Isotopes
Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Databases
Compare command with other elements
Lead History
The facet Lead was uncovered by Middle east in year 4000 BC in unknown ar . Lead obtained its name from English indigenous (plumbum in Latin)
Lead Presence: variety in Nature and Around Us
The table below shows the diversity of command in Universe, Sun, Meteorites, Earth"s Crust, Oceans and Human Body.
| abundance in cosmos | 1×10-6% |
| diversity in sun | 1×10-6% |
| variety in Meteorites | 1.4e-06 |
| Abundance in Earth"s crust | 9.9e-06 |
| abundance in seas | 3×10-9% |
| diversity in human beings | 1.7e-06 |
Crystal framework of Lead
The hard state structure of lead is Face focused Cubic.
The decision structure deserve to be described in regards to its unit Cell. The unit cell repeats chin in three dimensional room to form the structure.
Unit cell Parameters
The unit cell is represented in regards to its lattice parameters, which are the lengths of the cabinet edges Lattice Constants (a, b and c)
| 495.08 | 495.08 | 495.08 pm |
and the angles in between them Lattice angle (alpha, beta and gamma).
| π/2 | π/2 | π/2 |
The location of the atoms within the unit cabinet are explained by the collection of atom positions ( xi, yi, zi) measured indigenous a recommendation lattice point.
The symmetry properties of the crystal are defined by the principle of space groups. All feasible symmetric arrangements of particles in three-dimensional room are defined by the 230 room groups (219 unique types, or 230 if chiral copies are taken into consideration distinct.
| an are Group name | Fm_ 3m |  |
| room Group Number | 225 | |
| Crystal structure | Face focused Cubic |
Lead Atomic and Orbital Properties
Lead atoms have actually 82 electrons and also the digital shell framework is <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4> with Atomic hatchet Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 3P0.
| atomic Number | 82 |
| Number of electron (with no charge) | 82 |
| Number of Protons | 82 |
| Mass Number | 207 |
| Number the Neutrons | 125 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | <2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4> |
| Electron configuration | |
| Valence Electrons | 6s2 6p2 |
| Oxidation State | -4;-2;-1 1;2;3;4 |
| Atomic ax Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 3P0 |
Shell framework of lead - electrons per power level
Ground State electronic Configuration of command - neutral command atom
The soil state digital configuration the Neutral command atom isSee more: What Is The Current Value Of Smith And Wesson Model 28 2 Serial Numbers
Unabbreviated digital configuration of neutral lead
Complete ground state electronic configuration because that the command atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Atomic framework of Lead
Lead atomic radius is 154 pm, when it"s covalent radius is 147 pm.
| atomic Radius | 154 pm (1.54 Å) |
| Atomic Volume | 18.2716049383 cm3 |
| Covalent Radius | 147 afternoon (1.47 Å) |
| valve der Waals Radius | 202 pm |
| neutron Cross section | 0.171 σa/barns |
Atomic Spectrum the Lead
Lead chemistry Properties: command Ionization Energies and electron affinity
The electron affinity of command is 35.1 kJ/mol
| Valence | 4 |
| Electronegativity | 2.33 |
| ElectronAffinity | 35.1 kJ/mol |
Ionization power of command
Refer come table below for Ionization energies of Lead
| 1 | 715.6 |
| 2 | 1450.5 |
| 3 | 3081.5 |
| 4 | 4083 |
| 5 | 6640 |
Lead physics Properties
Refer to below table for Lead physics Properties
| density | 11.34 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 18.2716049383 cm3 |
Elastic Properties
| Young Modulus | 16 GPa |
| Shear Modulus | 5.6 GPa |
| mass Modulus | 46 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.44 |
Hardness of command - tests to measure up of Hardness that Element
| Mohs Hardness | 1.5 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | N/A |
| Brinell Hardness | 38.3 MPa |
Lead electrical Properties
command is Conductor the electricity. Describe table below for the electric properties of command
| electrical Conductivity | 4.8×106 S/m |
| Resistivity | 2.1×10-7 m Ω |
| Superconducting allude | 7.2 |
Lead Heat and also Conduction Properties
| heat Conductivity | 35 W/(m K) |
| Thermal growth | 0.0000289 K-1 |
Lead Magnetic Properties
| Magnetic kind | Diamagnetic |
| Curie point | N/A |
| fixed Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.5×10-9 |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.11×10-10 |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.7e-05 |
Optical properties of Lead
| Refractive table of contents | N/A |
Acoustic properties of Lead
| rate of Sound | 1260 m/s |
Lead heat Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Refer come table listed below for heat properties that Lead
| Melting suggest | 600.61 K (327.46 °C) |
| Boiling point | 2022 K (1749 °C) |
| an important Temperature | N/A |
| Superconducting allude | 7.2 |
Enthalpies the Lead
| warm of fusion | 4.77 kJ/mol |
| warm of Vaporization | 178 kJ/mol |
| warmth of combustion | N/A |
Lead isotope - nuclear Properties of lead
Isotopes that rhodium. Naturally occurring Lead has 4 steady isotope - 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb.
| 178Pb | ||||
| 179Pb | ||||
| 180Pb | ||||
| 181Pb | ||||
| 182Pb | ||||
| 183Pb | ||||
| 184Pb | ||||
| 185Pb | ||||
| 186Pb | ||||
| 187Pb | ||||
| 188Pb | ||||
| 189Pb | ||||
| 190Pb | ||||
| 191Pb | ||||
| 192Pb | ||||
| 193Pb | ||||
| 194Pb | ||||
| 195Pb | ||||
| 196Pb | ||||
| 197Pb | ||||
| 198Pb | ||||
| 199Pb | ||||
| 200Pb | ||||
| 201Pb | ||||
| 202Pb | ||||
| 203Pb | ||||
| 204Pb | 1.4% | secure | N/A | |
| 205Pb | ||||
| 206Pb | 24.1% | stable | N/A | |
| 207Pb | 22.1% | secure | N/A | |
| 208Pb | 52.4% | steady | N/A | |
| 209Pb | ||||
| 210Pb | ||||
| 211Pb | ||||
| 212Pb | ||||
| 213Pb | ||||
| 214Pb | ||||
| 215Pb |
Regulatory and also Health - Health and Safety Parameters and also Guidelines
| CAS Number | CAS7439-92-1 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSOF7525000 |
| dot Hazard class | N/A |
| period Numbers | 3077 |
| EU Number | N/A |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 0 |
| NFPA perils | N/A |
| NFPA wellness Rating | 2 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 |
| Autoignition suggest | N/A |
| Flashpoint | N/A |
Database Search
list of unique identifiers to find the aspect in assorted chemical registry databases
| CAS Number - chemical Abstracts business (CAS) | CAS7439-92-1 |
| CID Number | CID5352425 |
| Gmelin Number | N/A |
| NSC Number | N/A |
| RTECS Number | RTECSOF7525000 |